Assessment of Enterovirus Excretion and Identification of VDPVs in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency in India: Outcome of ICMR–WHO Collaborative Study Phase-I

The emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) in patients with Primary Immunodeficiency (PID) is a threat to the polio-eradication program. In first its kind pilot study for successful screening and identification VDPV excretion among PID India, enteroviruses were assessed stool specimens 154 across India period two years. A total 21.42% tested positive enteroviruses, 2.59% (PV), whereas 18.83% non-polio (NPEV). male child 3 years 6 months age diagnosed Hyper IgM syndrome was detected type1 (iVDPV1) 1.6% nucleotide divergence from parent Sabin strain. E21 (19.4%), E14 (9%), E11 E16 (7.5%), CVA2 (7.5%) five most frequently observed NPEV types patients. Patients combined immunodeficiency at higher risk enterovirus infection as compared antibody deficiency. high susceptibility emphasizes need enhanced surveillance these until use OPV stopped. expansion integration national program will facilitate early detection follow-up iVDPV mitigate spread.